Updated NAIC 2023 data
Methodology and data sources
Where the state figures come from
Every per-state dollar figure on this site is read out of one document: the 2022/2023 Auto Insurance Database Report, built from the statutory returns carriers file with their state regulators. Nothing is typed in by hand, nothing is cross-referenced from a comparison site, and nothing is scaled from a national figure. Annual figures are divided by twelve and rounded to the dollar.
Average expenditure (Table 4)
Total written premium for liability, collision and comprehensive coverages divided by liability written car-years. An estimate of what consumers in the state spent on average, whether or not they bought the physical damage coverages. Countrywide: $107 a month.
Combined average premium (Table 5)
Liability average premium plus collision average premium plus comprehensive average premium: the average cost of a policy carrying all three coverages. This is the closest published equivalent of a full-coverage policy. Countrywide: $120 a month.
Liability average premium (Table 1C)
Liability written premiums divided by liability written exposures. The closest published equivalent of liability-only cover. Countrywide: $61 a month.
Reference year and vintage
Data year 2023. The report was adopted December 2025 and published February 2026. The NAIC runs about two years behind the data year, so this is the most recent official state-level series available and premiums quoted in the market today sit above these levels.
State law requirements
Minimum liability limits, PIP and UM mandates and credit-scoring bans come from each state's Department of Insurance and the enacted legislation, not from the NAIC report. Each is dated by the law it cites.
What these figures are not
They are averages across every driver, vehicle, limit and deductible written in the state, not a quote for a 35-year-old with a clean record. A young driver, or a driver in a dense metro, will pay well above them. The NAIC also cautions that state results reflect a complex set of state-specific factors and that direct comparisons between states should be treated with care.
Calculation Formula
Monthly Estimate =
(State NAIC average for the chosen coverage) × Age Factor × Vehicle Factor
State base (measured): the state's NAIC average premium for the coverage level selected. Liability-only uses the liability average premium, full coverage uses the combined average premium, and the middle tier is the midpoint of the two. Full coverage ranges from $77 to $166 a month across the states.
Age factor (modelled): a relative adjustment, normalised so that a 45-year-old, roughly the median licensed driver, lands on the published state average. It is not derived from the NAIC report, which does not publish premiums by age. Treat it as the shape of the age curve rather than a measured rate.
Vehicle factor (modelled): a relative adjustment against a sedan baseline. Sedan 1.0, SUV 0.79, truck 1.05, sports 1.55, EV 1.30. Also not derived from the NAIC report, which does not publish premiums by vehicle type.
Coverage tier (measured): no multiplier is used. The gap between liability-only and full coverage is the gap the NAIC reports for that state, which varies state by state rather than being one fixed ratio.
Limitations and Assumptions
- The state figures are official averages across the whole market, not quotes. They tell you what the average insured vehicle in a state costs, not what you would be charged.
- The NAIC series runs about two years behind. Premiums rose sharply after the data year, so treat these levels as a floor rather than a current quote.
- We do not model your individual credit-based insurance score, which can add 20-100% to your premium in states where it is legal. Our estimates assume an average credit profile.
- We do not model driving record violations (speeding tickets, at-fault accidents, DUI). Our estimates assume a clean driving record.
- We do not model your specific ZIP code within a state. Premium variation within a state can be significant: NYC is 3-4x rural upstate New York.
- We do not model multi-policy bundles, good-student discounts, telematics discounts, or other individual discounts. These can reduce your actual premium by 5-30%.
- The new-driver progression chart approximates surcharge unwind curves based on Insurance.com and NerdWallet guidance. Individual carrier schedules differ. The chart is illustrative, not a carrier-specific rate table.
- All figures are estimates. Get a real quote from a licensed agent or aggregator before buying or switching coverage.
2025-2026 State Law Changes Verified
California -- SB 1107, effective January 1, 2025: Raised minimum liability limits from 15/30/5 to 30/60/15. Source: California DOI, California Legislative Information.
North Carolina -- effective July 1, 2025: Raised minimum liability limits from 30/60/25 to 50/100/50, with minimum UM and UIM limits raised to match. Source: NC DOI, Session Law 2023-133.
Utah -- effective January 1, 2025: Raised minimum bodily injury to 30/65/15. Source: Utah DOI.
Virginia -- effective January 1, 2025: Raised minimum limits from 25/50/20 to 30/60/20. Source: Virginia DOI, Va. Code 46.2-472.
New Jersey -- effective January 1, 2026: Raised minimum limits from 15/30/5 to 35/70/25. Source: NJ DOI, NJSA 39:6B-1 amendment.
Texas: Minimum limits are 30/60/25 and have been since 2011, so no change applies for 2025 or 2026. Source: Texas TDI.
Full disclaimer:Independent calculator. Not affiliated with any insurance carrier, broker, or government agency. State cost figures are read from the NAIC Auto Insurance Database Report and cited with attribution; the age and vehicle adjustments in the calculator are modelled, not measured, and are labelled as such above. Numbers are estimates only and do not constitute insurance advice or a binding quote. Your actual premium will vary based on your driving record, credit-based insurance score (where legal), claims history, coverage selections, deductible choices, discounts, and the specific carrier's underwriting. Always get a real quote before buying or switching coverage.